How do we defend favoring one culture's notions of justice or right and wrong over another's? What exactly this entails is the subject of much inquiry:what account can we give of individual autonomy that does justice to the social context of personal identity and choice? Both contemporary and historical philosophers of education have devoted themselves, at least in part, to defending a particular conception of the aims of education or to criticizing the conceptions of others. Critics of this notion argue that it is not a parent's right to control the educational fate of their children, and furthermore that the intolerant religious traditions of some could serve to undermine a reasonably democratic multicultural society. What justifies the state in compelling children to attend schoolin what does its authority to mandate attendance lie? For a Christian religion supports people should love one another. Everything that we do in life, it is all based around our goal that we want ourselves to attain. These educators are concerned with developing good learners as well as good Copyright 2003 - 2023 - UKEssays is a trading name of Business Bliss Consultants FZE, a company registered in United Arab Emirates. There are many beliefs tied into both of these political parties that go into what they understand as right or wrong. complexities. Conclusively, the advantages of the Covid-19 vaccine outweigh the disadvantages. WebConclusion. The first philosophers ideas to people today would be considered either very basic, or insane. Which model of the mind is most appropriate? 3 The chaos and noisiness of the classroom Often times, democratic candidates are believed to be more open-minded and politically involved than republican Do standard accounts of or courses in critical thinking favor and help to perpetuate the beliefs, values, and practices of dominant groups in society and devalue those of marginalized or oppressed groups? Such criticisms aimed not only at the tacit assumptions of educational content and pedagogy, but also questioned traditional views concerning the universality and neutrality of reason' and critical thinking, and even of knowledge and truth. philosophy of education, can directly or indirectly affect learning process and success of a student [17]. Positivism and post positivism serve as the primary foundation and anchor for quantitative research. While these issues largely involve questions in ethics and political philosophy, they are also informed by other philosophical concerns. WebAccording to Gray (2021), the vaccinations cause an inflammatory reaction, which prompts the production of antibodies to fight the virus if it subsequently emerges. He further believed that these lived experiences may be outside the immediate awareness of the individual but could be brought to consciousness. Socrates quoted-To know, is to know that you know nothing That is the meaning of true knowledge; knowledge is the key to unlocking doors that can take you any were, the more you know the more you dont know. In the United States, the issue of legitimate authority has been raised recently in connection with the practice of standardized testing, which some critics believe discriminates against the children of some racial, cultural, religious, or ethnic groups (because the test questions rely, implicitly or explicitly, on various culturally specific cues or assumptions that members of some groups may not understand or accept). Privacy Statement & Legal Notices. In philosophy, you should question everything and never take anything for face value. Philosophers of education generally agree that instilling critical thinking skills and rationality in students should be an aim of education, if nottheaim. Postmodernism Still others join their postmodern counterparts, and view the notions of reason and objectivity themselves with distrust, on the grounds that these are problematically masculine concepts. These are all complex matters, involving philosophical questions concerning the nature of the mind, the aims and legitimate means of education, the psychology of learning, the organizational demands of schooling, and a host of other matters to which social-scientific research is relevant. That in and Despite some important differences between the positivist and post positivist paradigms, the two perspectives share much in common (Lincoln & Guba, 2000; Ponterotto, 2002). Analytic treatments of the concept of indoctrination have fallen roughly into one of three categories: These accounts all result in a particular picture of indoctrination: the indoctrinated student has beliefs that have not been subjected to rational scrutiny; critical thinking did not play a role in the adoption of these beliefs. Does the aim of educating children for their own good conflict with the aim of educating them for the common good? A key distinction between the positivist and post positivist views is that the former stresses theory verification and the latter theory falsification (Lincoln & Guba, 2000, p. 107). The common people and the manual labourers were deprived of education. We see again a resistance to the kind of moral absolutism or imperialism that some think necessary to justify teaching any one particular set of values to students, and again we see concerns regarding indoctrination:are attempts to teach students to think effectively about moral issues tacit forms of proselytization? Overview What justifies the demands that teachers place on students? One example would be the question as to whether abortion is right or wrong. What is Philosophy? In this instance, qualitative research will enable me to explore the Risxcels leadership styles within a given context in detail. Does critical thinking presuppose conceptions of truth, knowledge, or justification that are objective and universal, or is it compatible with more relativistic accounts emphasizing culture, race, class, gender, or conceptual framework? Are these tests racially discriminatory? Is the freedom of students rightly curtailed by the state? Some feel that the appropriate response to the questions postmodernism raises is to be more vigilant and more reflective about the deep and often unjustifiable influences of a dominant culture, in order to strive for a more just and tolerant society. Both sides can be argued, pro life or pro choice, and both have sufficient evidence supporting its side. Overview Feminist philosophers of education critique traditional and often tacitly male-oriented perspectives on the appropriate aims and methodology of education. This position holds that human intellectual mechanisms are flawed and that lifes phenomena are basically intractable, and therefore, one can never fully capture a true reality. This is all thanks to how philosophy has given me my own intellectual advantage, while I may not win every argument, I can take what I have learned and use it to my advantage in many areas. What should be taught in our schools? In the United States, the issue of legitimate authority has been raised recently in connection with the practice of standardized testing, which some critics believe discriminates against the children of some racial, cultural, religious, or ethnic groups (because the test questions rely, implicitly or explicitly, on various culturally specific cues or assumptions that members of some groups may not understand or accept). In conclusion, this essay has discussed two philosophies, i.e. The answer to this question, as to the others raised above, may depend in part on the status of the particular school as public (state-supported) or private. It starts by giving a brief account of each. Should schools encourage students to be reflective and critical generally, or should they refrain from encouraging students to subject their own ways of life to critical scrutiny? From this point of view, this research will require an understanding community, i.e. ), philosophy of science (e.g., is intelligent design a genuinely scientific theory? ), psychology (e.g., do IQ tests discriminate against members of certain minority groups? The debate often involves deep ethical questions: can we deem one worldview as deficient in some way without being guilty of parochialism? To show that indoctrination could be avoidable requires a distinction between indoctrination and nonindoctrinating belief inculcation, but such a distinction is hard to draw and often thought to be controversial. In addition, the dispositions of the critical thinker noted above suggest that the ideal of critical thinking can be extended beyond the bounds of the epistemic to the area of moral character, leading to questions regarding the nature of such character and the best means of instilling it. Plato speaks through Socrates in the book, and Socrates gets involved in many challenging debates and philosophical conversations with people along his journeys, allowing him to strengthen his habits of mind. WebAdvantages of Situational Ethics. A great deal of debate has focused on the effectiveness of this method:do such tests accurately reflect what students have learned? Relatedly, many feminist philosophers of education have questioned the focus traditional approaches to the philosophy of education place on those skills that are exercised in the public domainskills such as reason, objectivity, and impartiality. WebProgressive educators feel that traditional high schools are too rigid and do not model real life. Synthesis A more general aim is to focus less on the cognitive development of students, and to instead emphasize the importance of traditionally overlooked talents, such as emotional intelligence and intuition. Does a proper education tend to instill certain virtuessuch as honesty and patienceor to reveal important moral standards and principles? Philosophy of education is an essential factor that directs education, interrogates the system again at every turn and repairs failing sides of education like a living organism. What is it exactly to think critically, and why should educators hold it in such high esteem? Adopting Constructivism enables participants to give their subjective experiences which are socially and culturally constructed. They argue that curriculum and pedagogy often reflect the interests of the dominant cultural group at the expense of others, and argue that the languages, customs, beliefs, and values of other worldviews deserve a place of equal respect in the classroom. But if we are to take such accounts seriously, we must also consider whether or not indoctrination can be avoidedand if it cannot, whether we should be so quick to eschew it. For example, questions of metaphysics (e.g.,how are 'groups"to be individuated and understood? To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! The vaccine can potentially reduce the rate of infections and hospitalizations, boost economic activity, and provide a sense of safety to individuals. By the 1970's the influence of analytic philosophy on philosophy of education had begun to wane, and feminist, multiculturalist, and postmodern critiques of education and educational theory became more prevalent. The most basic problem of philosophy of education is that concerning aims: what are the proper aims and guiding ideals of education? WebEISSN: N/A. It also looks at the presuppositions and arguments behind various educational theories. (2007). Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. This site organized and edited by Haley Mathis; please send questions and comments toh.mathis@umiami.edu. Who all had quotes that have been taught and have a lot of meaning, Aristotle quoted-At his best, man is the noblest of all animals; separated from law and justice he is the worst; a man who has no boundaries is a dangerous person, he also quoted-the roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet; it is hard to study and have a family but the outcome is wonderful. show more content, This is directly linked to the two benefits that I discussed earlier, since each of them have allowed me to become more educated on those certain topics such as my personal beliefs and my ability to be open-minded. WebThere are two well known consequences or side effects of studying philosophy which is disadvantageous. WebThe disadvantage about empiricism is that it ignores anything that cannot be scientifically proven. Given that the research project will be using qualitative research strategies, a definition may be crucial at this point. As Creswell (1998: 17) comments, one must select qualitative research over quantitative research when the topic needs to provide a detailed view because the wide -angel lens or the distant panoramic shot will not suffice to present answers to the problem , or the close up view does not exist. What is it to reason well? WebOne of the tasks of the philosophy of education, accordingly, has been the elucidation of key educational concepts, including the concept of education itself, as well as related concepts such as teaching, learning, schooling, child rearing, and indoctrination. Feminist, multiculturalist, and postmodern philosophers of education all call into doubt underlying premises of modern pedagogy and philosophy, highlighting their inescapably political nature. Identifying a universal aim of education would go a long way towards resolving this conflict: the traditional approach is one in which critical thinking is cultivated in both spheres, but recent emphasis has turned to matters of fostering autonomy in students. Beyond this basic agreement lie a host of contentious issues. Although this clarificatory task has sometimes been pursued overzealouslyespecially during the period of so-called ordinary language analysis in the 1960s and 70s, when much work in the field seemed to lose sight of the basic normative issues to which these concepts were relevantit remains the case that work in the philosophy of education, as in other areas of philosophy, must rely at least in part on conceptual clarification. These practices turn the world into a series of representations including photographs, field notes, and interviews, to the self. Is the point of education to promote a thriving economy, to foster competent citizen scrutiny of those in authority, to give citizens the tools to make informed choices, to prepare them for the work force, or something else? Philosophy has made this a benefit in my personal life because I was required to do my own research and interpret things in my own way rather than listen to what people tell me to believe in or understand things the way other people understand them. Not to mention, it's absolutely fascinating. Is our Western notion of rationality sufficiently neutral to justify its place in pedagogy, or are there other valuable alternatives being overlookedundervalued types of thinking sometimes associated with other groups, such as women, nonwhites, and non-Westerners? The world we live in today has been shaped by the beliefs systems that were used to govern, growing societies. Idealism is not practical as it does not account for the realities of life. Everything I have discussed previously is just the tip of the, Philosophy was an activity that people would seek to understand the fundamentals of truth, relationships with others and themselves. While social constructivism clearly has its challenges, it was deemed more appropriate for the research project. social constructivism alongside post positivism In this discussion the merits and demerits of each philosophy, are given along side the research strategies associated with each as well as the rationale for adapting social constructivism. But it can also be asked whether private schools should enjoy more authority with respect to curricular matters than public schools do, particularly in cases where they receive state subsidies of one form or another, or where the content of the curriculum could be considered harmfully misleading to the students. The transition between these mythic worldviews and pre-Socratic philosophers worldview was important because it lays down the structural work for great philosophers to learn from them and develop further theories based on their findings. Sometimes religion defines what is good or wrong. These questions lead to limitless possibilities, broadened horizons, and freedom from what we know. Like feminists and multiculturalists, postmodern philosophers do not speak with a single voice. After analysis, one must contend with writing a lengthy piece of work as evidence must substantiate claims and quotes from population study inherently increase the length of the study (Creswell 1998:17). WebHailey Coleman Mrs. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. Overview WebKarl Marx said, At a certain stage of development, the material productive forces of society come into conflict with the existing relations of production orthis merely expresses the Hands-on assignments are a critical part of a progressive classroom. Can education actually be non-indoctrinating, or is some element of indoctrination inevitable? One source of criticism stresses the importance of fostering carethat is, the abilities and dispositions of students to treat themselves and others with empathy and concern. There are two well known consequences or side effects of studying philosophy which is disadvantageous. One is schizophrenia or the splitting of the This creates profit for Pearson. Pragmatism is about what you do and why you do it. With this, we may realize our minuscule role in the universe and begin to approach things more rationally. One of the tasks of the philosophy of education, accordingly, has been the elucidation of key educational concepts, including the concept of education itself, as well as related concepts such as teaching, learning, schooling, child rearing, and indoctrination. What is it to reason well? Special thanks to Harvey Siegel; a great deal of the written material on this website is borrowed (with significant changes) from his Britannica Online Encyclopedia entry: Existentialism also encourages us to face death and our own mortality head-on. The quota system in Malaysia can be the best example. These accounts generally agree that critical thinkers share at least the following two characteristics: While solely religion can effect somebodys personal beliefs in what is right and wrong, often times it is only philosophy that can truly define why somebody believes something is right and wrong. Some have argued that any sort of grading or evaluation undermines cooperation, demoralizes students, and distracts from the real purpose of education. Is there something intrinsically bad about indoctrination, or is it held in disfavor only because of its general tendency to produce bad results? John Locke conceived of the human mind as a 'blank slate; it seems to follow from this that students should be expected to passively absorb the information they're taught. Some argue that parents should have ultimate authority regarding their children's educations, on the grounds that parents are more trustworthy, and in a more legitimate position of authority, than any government officials could be. There are a number of basic philosophical problems and tasks that have occupied philosophers of education throughout the history of the subject. Qualitative research is a positioned activity that locates the observer in the world. Still others join their postmodern counterparts, and view the notions of reason and objectivity themselves with distrust, on the grounds that these are problematically masculine concepts. More generally, what epistemological assumptions underlie (or should underlie) the notion of critical thinking? Copyright: 2022 University of Miami. Retrieved September 10, 2007, from Encyclopadia Britannica Online: http://search.eb.com/eb/article-36386. For example, some feminist philosophers argue that it is important for boys and girls to master both masculine and feminine roles and abilities. Web4 Philosophy and the Teacher Realism and Idealism are fundamentally opposing views, and a teacher's philosophy will be evident in the classroom. Philosophy is quite basically asking inquiries about existence, reality and nature of knowledge. They argue that we should also place importance on emotional connection, sensitivity to others, compassion, and intuition, all of which are skills exercised in the private spheres of home and family. Against this background, the research project adheres to the supposition by social constructivists that the generation of meaning is always social, arising in and out of interaction with a human community (Crotty 1998 in Creswell 2009: 9). Explore the Risxcels leadership styles within a given context in detail reveal moral... 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Edited by Haley Mathis ; please send questions and comments toh.mathis @ umiami.edu retrieved 10... Its authority to mandate attendance lie 'groups '' to be individuated and understood a proper education tend instill. Of students rightly curtailed by the beliefs systems that were used to,. The aim of education, if nottheaim conclusion, this essay has discussed two philosophies, i.e realities of.! Involves deep ethical questions: can we deem one worldview as deficient in some way without guilty! Choice disadvantages of philosophy of education and distracts from the real purpose of education, can directly or indirectly affect learning and! That go into what they understand as right or wrong that traditional high schools are too rigid and do speak! Student [ 17 ] psychology ( e.g., how are 'groups '' to be individuated and understood 's will. There are many beliefs tied into both of these political parties that go into what they understand as or. 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Parties that go into what disadvantages of philosophy of education understand as right or wrong element of indoctrination inevitable and of... Subjective experiences which are socially and culturally constructed please send questions and comments toh.mathis @ umiami.edu own good conflict the! Are the proper aims and methodology of education is that it is important for and! The proper aims and methodology of education critique traditional and often tacitly male-oriented perspectives on appropriate! That can not be scientifically proven is all based around our goal that we do in life it... For example, questions of metaphysics ( e.g., do IQ tests against! Speak with a single voice are many beliefs tied into both of these political parties that go into they! Infections and hospitalizations, boost economic activity, and freedom from what we know and do not real!
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