We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Prince August was a first cousin of the king, a classmate of Clausewitz, and his superior officer between 1804-1808. By December, only two of the three shafts were operational and a complete overhaul of the propulsion system was required. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Friedrich Scharnhorst (35136105)? The rear turret was disabled and 48 men were killed. Friedrich Scharnhorst (1834 - 1892) How do we create a person's profile? On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst. Historical and Political Writings, ed. [9], Scharnhorst was ordered as Ersatz Elsass as a replacement for the old pre-dreadnought Elsass, under the contract name "D."[4] The Kriegsmarinewerft in Wilhelmshaven was awarded the contract, where the keel was laid on 16 July 1935. 35 Squadron RAF and No. There is a problem with your email/password. [18] Half an hour later, Scharnhorst's navigator spotted gun flashes from Renown firing at Gneisenau;[13] the Germans returned fire three minutes later. Friedrich Scharnhorst (1809 - 1871) How do we create a person's profile? The subjects had to become citizens of the state and this new political reality, eager to defend that state. Repair work lasted until July, which caused the ship to be unavailable during Operation Rheinbung, the sortie by the new battleship Bismarck in May 1941. Estorff recognized Scharnhorsts talents and appointed the young officer as an instructor at the regimental school he had created in 1770. [52], In early August 1942, Scharnhorst conducted exercises in cooperation with several U-boats. [67] By 12:00, Scharnhorst was to the northeast of the convoy, but Belfast had reestablished radar contact; it took the cruisers twenty minutes to close the range and begin firing. [60] By December 1943, the German Army was forced into continuous retreat. The Luftwaffe had been seriously weakened by four long years of war, and increasing Allied anti-submarine capabilities were steadily degrading the effectiveness of the U-boats. Vanya Eftimova Bellinger is the author of Marie von Clausewitz: The Woman Behind the Making of On War. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Friedrich Scharnhorst (35136105)? We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. A raked funnel cap was also installed during the reconstruction, along with an enlarged aircraft hangar; the main mast was also moved further aft. In early February, minesweepers swept a route through the English Channel undetected by the British. Add to your scrapbook. During the repair process, the aircraft catapult that had been installed on the rear gun turret was removed. Scharnhorst's commander, KzS Hoffmann, however, closed to 23,000m (25,000yd) in an attempt to lure Ramillies away from the convoy so that Gneisenau could attack the convoy. [31] Severe storms caused damage to Gneisenau but Scharnhorst was undamaged. [50], While the ship was immobilized, Admiral Ciliax transferred to Z29. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Friedrich Fritz Fred Scharnhorst I found on Findagrave.com. [19], Scharnhorst and Gneisenau had reached a point north-west of Lofoten, Norway, by 12:00 on 9 April. The explosion killed or injured 34 men and prompted the crew to flood the magazines for turret Caesar as a precaution against a magazine explosion. Burnett chose to keep his distance and shadow Scharnhorst with radar while Fraser made his way to the scene in Duke of York. In early 1813, with Napoleons return to Central Europe and the Tsars troops in hot pursuit, Prussia faced a perilous choice. [45] The torpedo boats were led by Kapitn Erich Bey, aboard the destroyer Z29. by Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. [71], "Gentlemen, the battle against the Scharnhorst has ended in victory for us. The best method for developing coup doeil, he argued, combined the critical reading of military history, both ancient and modern, with what he called supposing (supponieren), the habit of placing imaginary forces in what-ever real piece of ground happened to be at hand.[6]. Reorganisation by Carl Rchling (Wikimedia). [4], She was armed with a main battery of nine 28cm (11.1in) L/54.5 guns arranged in three triple gun turrets: two turrets were placed forward in a superfiring arrangement (Anton and Bruno), and one aft (Caesar). [31] One of the surviving ships radioed the location of the German battleships, which summoned the powerful British battleships Rodney and King George V. Scharnhorst and Gneisenau used their high speed to escape in a squall, and the intervention by the British battleships convinced Ltjens that the chances of further success were small. [55] Of particular importance was the weather station that was transmitting weather information to the Allies, which was used to schedule convoys to the Soviet Union. Praise for Death in Focus [59], With the rapidly deteriorating military situation for the German Army on the Eastern Front, it became increasingly important to interrupt the flow of supplies from the Western Allies to the Soviet Union. As Scharnhorsts life and legacy remain less known than Clausewitzs, the following passages also offer a brief introduction. By a streak of good luck, Carl von Clausewitz belonged to Scharnhorsts first class at the Kriegsakademie. [71], At around 18:00, another 14in shell struck the ship on the starboard side, passed through the thin upper belt armor, and exploded in the number 1 boiler room. General Gerhard von Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the Prussian-German General Staff. Canadian Defense Forces Publication. Father of Hinrich Scharnhorst; Jochen Scharnhorst; Becke Margarethe Gloistein and Engelbert Scharnhorst. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Many of these hits had badly damaged the ship's secondary armament, which left her open to destroyer attacks, which Fraser ordered. . Shell splinters rained on Duke of York and disabled the fire-control radar. Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. The third 454kg bomb hit aft of the rear 28cm turret, about 3m (9.8ft) from the side of the ship. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. [69], At 16:17, Duke of York made radar contact with Scharnhorst; thirty minutes later, Belfast illuminated the German battleship with star shells. [14] Trevor N. Dupuy, A Genius For War: The German Army And General Staff, 18071945 (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1977),24. Napoleon Bonaparte errichtet das Herzogtum Warschau . The veteran commander often acted as an instructor to his officers; he inspired them, befriended them, and showed them kindness. Bruce Gudmundsson. Another 300t (300 long tons; 330 short tons) tons of water flooded ten watertight spaces in four main compartments. [31], On 15 March, the two battleships, with the two tankers in company, encountered a dispersed convoy in the mid-Atlantic. The explosion tore a large gash in the side of the hull and allowed 1,220t (1,200 long tons; 1,340 short tons) of water into the ship, flooding 30 watertight spaces within five main watertight compartments. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? In June 1794, he was promoted to Major and appointed as a staff officer at the Hanoverian headquarters. These people do not know what one should dare in war. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35136105/friedrich-fritz-scharnhorst. Later on, the veteran soldiers were sent permanently home as reserves and called for annual training only, while the younger ones assumed regular service. Work was conducted in a floating dry dock and lasted until July 1942. Shell splinters started a fire in the ammunition magazine, which forced the Germans to flood both forward magazines to prevent an explosion. His tenure as the ship's commander was brief; in September 1939, an illness forced him to go on sick leave, and he was replaced by KzS Kurt-Caesar Hoffmann. Heavy seas and the high speed with which the pair of battleships escaped caused them to ship large amounts of water forward. The Education of the Enlightened Soldier. MCU Journal Vol. [9], For Clausewitz, Scharnhorst became something of a substitute father. [54] During the operation, Scharnhorst destroyed a battery of two 76mm (3.0in) guns and shelled fuel tanks, coal mines, harbor facilities, and military installations. Damage-control teams managed to correct the list with counter-flooding, and although draft increased by 1m (3.3ft), Scharnhorst was able to leave for Brest at 19:30. Carl von Clausewitz. In 1800, he accepted Friedrich Wilhelm IIIs offer of elevation to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and ennoblement. On the contrary, the Prussian military reformers worked to institutionalize the general staff and establish it as a dynamic and assertive entity. When the king finally switched sides in the spring of 1813, Scharnhorst swiftly unfolded the plans for mass mobilization prepared by his circle. Your Scrapbook is currently empty. She was powered by three Brown, Boveri & Cie geared steam turbines, which developed a total of 159,551shp; 118,977kW and yielded a maximum speed of 31.5 knots (58.3km/h; 36.2mph) on speed trials. Scharnhorst believed in military historys crucial role in the education of military professionals, for it could provide them with an opportunity to study wars complex conditions. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Richard married Florence Scharnhorst (born 'Scharnhorst') . Yet, he is primarily known as a teacher and mentor to the Wests most influential strategic thinker, Carl von Clausewitzespecially among those less versed in German language and history. The intention was to deploy the vessels to Norway to interdict Allied convoys to the Soviet Union. Friedrich G Sauer from Lansing, MI. The honor went to the famed hussar commander Gebhard Leberecht von Blcher; Scharnhorst, as his chief of staff, still served with distinction. Johann HeinrichDietrich Friedrich Scharnhorst married Dorothea Wiggers and had 7 children. Gerhard had 4 siblings: Johann Friedrich Scharnhorst and 3 other siblings. [20] On 7 June, the squadron rendezvoused with the tanker Dithmarschen to refuel Admiral Hipper and the four destroyers. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? The two battleships steamed off to the northwest to search for more shipping. The 15 Halifaxes attacked Scharnhorst at her moorings. [63], Scharnhorst and her five destroyers left port at around 19:00 and were in the open sea four hours later. Liaison officers were present on all three ships. Blamed for the disaster at Jena-Auerstedt Prussias aging military brass was pushed out of the service in a swift and shocking move. [7] He also began publishing journals, first Militair Bibliothek (1782-1784), then Bibliothek fr Officiere (1785), and finally the most famous, Neues Militrisches Journal (1797-1805), aiming at those interested in broadening their understanding of the military profession. Prinz Eugen had been seriously damaged by a bomb on 1 July. Reports of heavy activity in British airfields near the coast prompted the force to return to port, however. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. After locating a large submerged object, the research team then used the Royal Norwegian Navy's underwater recovery vessel HNoMSTyr to examine the object visually. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. [21] The purpose of the sortie was to interrupt Allied efforts to resupply the Norwegians and to relieve the pressure on German troops fighting in Norway. Through reminiscences of a hundred possible but unlikely disasters, they make the general they support anxious. The British failed to penetrate the Luftwaffe fighter shield, and all six Swordfish were destroyed. [57] On 22 September, a pair of British X-craft mini-submarines attacked and seriously damaged Tirpitz,[58] which reduced the Arctic Task Force to Scharnhorst and her five escorting destroyers. Prussia was still in the midst of its decade of neutrality, when after the Peace of Basel in 1795 it observed from a safer distance the continuing Revolutionary Wars and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. Instead, Austria and other smaller German states joined the fight in the fall of 1813 and defeated Napoleon in 1814. The only book-length study of Scharnhorsts legacy in English, Charles Edward Whites The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Militrische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805, offers sizable extracts out of his writings. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. [21], The damage was severe enough to force Scharnhorst to put into Trondheim for temporary repairs. 2015-4 as an independent and autonomous entity within MDHHS. [17], She was then assigned to the forces participating in Operation Weserbung, the invasion of Denmark and Norway. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. He is a male registered to vote in Ingham County, Michigan. The text could be also found in Scharnhorst, Ausgewhlte Schriften, 147-150. [57] Fraser in the powerful battleship Duke of York, along with the cruiser Jamaica and four destroyers, moved to a position southwest of Scharnhorst to block a possible escape attempt. The aft radar, which possessed only a limited forward arc, was the ship's only remaining radar capability. [25] They also sank the two destroyers. Have a response or an idea for your own article? During her first operation, Scharnhorst sank the armed merchant HMSRawalpindi in a short engagement (November 1939). [18] Paret, Clausewitz and the State, 235. [17] Henry Kissinger, A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh, and the Problems of Peace, 1812-1822 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1973), 49. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. 1807 in anderen Kalendern. Finally promoted to Artillery Captain at age thirty-sixa circumstance largely due to his non-aristocratic originsScharnhorst proved his mettle against French Revolutionary forces in the defense of Menen in present-day Belgium. Her anti-aircraft armament consisted of fourteen 10.5cm L/65 and sixteen 3.7cm (1.5in) SK C/30 L/83, and initially ten 2cm (0.79in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. Temporary repairs allowed Scharnhorst to return to 22 knots (41km/h; 25mph). You need a Find a Grave account to continue. British warships were within 35nmi (65km; 40mi) of Scharnhorst's position when she turned to Stavanger. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. Thus he created a force in reserve that could be called upon once the time was ripe. Friedrich Scharnhorst 27 December 1902-7 April 1991 (Age 88) Buchholz (Aller), Soltau-Fallingbostel, Niedersachsen, Germany The Life Summary of Friedrich Friedrich Scharnhorst was born on 27 December 1902. Mobile number (517) 944-0346 . There are no volunteers for this cemetery. Scharnhorst's forward turret was put out of action by severe flooding. Partial power was eventually restored to the starboard turbine, which allowed speed to be increased to 14 knots (26km/h; 16mph). Almost nothing of his extensive literary estate is translated into English, however. Michael Schoy. General der Jagdflieger (General of Fighter Force) Adolf Galland directed Luftwaffe fighter and bomber forces (Operation Donnerkeil) during Cerberus. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Friedrich Wilhelm also failed to embrace Scharnhorsts bold ideas for military reform. Appointed as the head of the Military Reorganization Commission, Scharnhorst now rushed to capitalize on the momentum the political overhaul had created. Genealogy for Friedrich Ludewig Scharnhorst (c.1719 - 1752) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Learn more about merges. Scharnhorst), Circa 1719 - Hannverschen, Bremen, Prussia, Mar 28 1752 - Eggestedt, Lesum Parish, Bremen, Prussia, Becke Margrethe Gloistein (born Scharnhorst), Eggestedt, Schwanewede, Osterholz, Lower Saxony, Germany, Death of Friedrich Ludewig Scharnhorst at Eggestedt. Friedrich calls Lansing, MILansing, MI Scharnhorst was appointed to helm the Institute in the Military Science for Young Infantry and Cavalry Officers in Berlin, perhaps better known as the Kriegsakademie. Friedrich Scharnhorst in Neustadt, reviews by real people. She was the lead ship of her class, which included her sister ship Gneisenau. Another feature of the Prussian General System was that the chief of staff served not as a mere translator and executor of his commanders wishesas was the case for Napoleon and Berthierbut as his closest partner and adviser. Napoleon expected that a series of fast defeats and costly battles would knock either Russia or Prussia out of the war, but they did not falter. HMS Jamaica var en ltt kryssare av Fiji-klass i Royal Navy som frdigstlldes under andra vrldskriget.Hon var uppkallad efter den brittiska kolonin Jamaica.Fartyget tillbringade nstan hela sin krigskarrir i arktiska konvojer, med undantag fr en insats sderut fr landstigningarna i Nordafrika i november 1942. The intent of the operation was to draw out British units and ease the pressure on the heavy cruiser ("pocket battleship") Admiral Graf Spee, which was being pursued in the South Atlantic. Less than ten minutes later, a shell from Gneisenau struck the bridge and killed Glorious's captain. Vice Admiral Otto Ciliax, Scharnhorst's first commander, was given command of the operation. The two ships were forced to put into port during the storm: Scharnhorst went to Gotenhafen while Gneisenau went to Kiel for repairs. Resend Activation Email. by Johannes Kunisch, Michael Sikora, etc., Vol. [5] On 1 April 1942, Hoffmann, who had been promoted to Konteradmiral (Rear Admiral) and awarded the Knight's Cross, transferred command of the ship to KzS Friedrich Hffmeier. The shell struck the carrier's upper hangar and started a large fire. [32], On 6 February, the two ships refueled from the tanker Schlettstadt south of Cape Farewell. based on information from your browser. [38] They scored five hits in an almost straight line on the starboard side, parallel to the centerline. Make sure that the file is a photo. 0 cemeteries found in Concordia, Lafayette County, Missouri, USA. The ship was now fighting with only two-thirds of her main battery. Friedrich Scharnhorst nationality German Racing career summary Disclaimer: the data and summaries are all taken from the data available in the career details section further below on this page. The other seven made it past the air defenses and attacked Scharnhorst, but only scored one hit, and the bomb failed to detonate. Follow the logo below, and you too can contribute toThe Bridge: Enjoy what you just read? Ltjens ordered Hoffmann to rejoin the flagship immediately. She currently teaches at Air Universitys Graduate School of Professional Military Education and Air Command and Staff College and is working on her second book, a study of Carl von Clausewitzs Last Campaign (1830-1831). Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. [21], At 17:45, the German battleships spotted the British aircraft carrier Glorious and two escorting destroyers, Ardent and Acasta, at a range of some 40,000m (44,000yd; 25mi). At 18:32 Scharnhorst (as the closer ship) opened fire with her main armament on Glorious, at a range of 26,000m (28,000yd; 16mi). However, infection subsequently developed, and, on June 28 in Prague, he unexpectedly died. Two of the three turbines were jammed, and the third had to be turned off. [32] Scharnhorst managed to sink only one ship during the encounter, the 6000 ton tanker Lustrous. [72], In September 2000, a joint expedition to find the sunken battleship conducted by the BBC, NRK, and the Royal Norwegian Navy began. ADS VIEW EMAIL ADDRESSES . In 1792, he published Militrisches Taschenbuch, zum Gebrauch im Felde, a tactical field guide that would influence several generations of German-speaking officers. Friedrich Vedder is 53 years old and was born on 01/02/1969. But most people haven't heard of Operation Berlin, the time 2 German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau successfully broke out and raided the convoy lanes and influenced Bismarck's fateful mission. They would, perhaps, never dare an audacious thought because no similar case from history, crowned with success, gives them the necessary confidence. The RAF had planned a large, complicated raid on the capital ships in Brest for the night[citation needed] of 24 July, but an aerial reconnaissance photograph[37] of Scharnhorst in her berth at La Pallice caused a last minute alteration to the operation. In the Seven Years War (1757-1763), Count Wilhelm commanded the allied artillery of Prussia, Hanover, England, and Schaumburg-Lippe, and also played a significant role in the French defeat in the Battle of Minden in 1759. [34] He instead turned toward the mid-Atlantic, where Scharnhorst sank the Greek cargo ship Marathon. Hon deltog i slaget vid Barents hav 1942 och i slaget vid Nordkap 1943. Please help spread the word to new readers by sharing it on social media. Distilling seemingly timeless principles of war and claiming that they constituted the secret of the Corsicans astounding victories, Dietrich Heinrich von Blow, Mathieu Dumas, and Antoine-Henri Jomini became best-selling authors. Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst (1755-1813) was a general in Prussian service, Chief of the Prussian General Staff, noted for both his writings, his reforms of the Prussian army, and his leadership during the Napoleonic Wars. Failed to remove flower. His new commander was another extraordinary man, Emmerich von Estorff. The Inspector General Administration is a criminal justice agency established in 1972 and expanded in 2015 via Executive Order No. [51], The ship struck another mine off Terschelling on the starboard side at 22:34. While his position as a mentor to Clausewitz is of no small significance, Scharnhorst deserves recognition for his ideas, and they should be studied in their own right. [8] Carl von Clausewitz, On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst. in Historical and Political Writings, ed. Scharnhorst returned to Germany, and was repaired at the Deutsche Werke in Kiel. You can always change this later in your Account settings. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. 866-428-0005. This 38,100 t ship was named after the Prussian general and army reformer Gerhard von Scharnhorst . You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. [9] Anonymous (Marie von Clausewitz), Erinnerung an den General Clausewitz und sein Verhltnis zu Scharnhorst, Historisch-Politische Zeitschrift, Vol. The cruiser opened fire three minutes later, followed by Norfolk two minutes after. [45], At 23:00 on 11 February, Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, and Prinz Eugen left Brest. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. On Prince Augusts colorful life and achievements, Eve Haas and Herzeleide Henning, Prinz August von Preussen (Berlin: Schlapp Verlag, 1988). Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. In addition, Tirpitz was still working up and not ready for service; Ltzow had been seriously damaged by a torpedo on 13 June 1941; Admiral Scheer and Admiral Hipper were in dockyards for maintenance. [20], The two ships left Wilhelmshaven on 4 June to return to Norway. [76] Of the crew of 1,968 officers and enlisted men, only 36 men survived. Scharnhorst displaced 32,100 long tons (32,600t) at standard displacement and 38,100 long tons (38,700t) at full load. [39] One of the 227kg bombs hit the deck just forward of the starboard 15cm twin turret next to the conning tower. Friedrich Buchardt - Member of the Einsatzgruppen death squads, who started off grading people on their Germanness and then progressed to outright genocide. Preliminary repairs were completed by 20 June, which permitted the ship to return to Germany. [5] Michael Schoy, General Gerhard von Scharnhorst, 4. Friedrichmarried Hannah F Scharnhorst (born Schnelle)on month day1859, at age 27 at marriage place, Illinois. The Scharnhorst family was not noble; they were free peasants, and his father served as a non-commissioned officer in the Hanoverian Army. While furthering his own education, "learning by teaching" is Michael Schoy's phrase, he gained a reputation as a pioneering military educator. The next spring, Scharnhorst moved to Berlin. In early January 1943, the ship was back in service, and after trials, left Germany on 7 January in company with Prinz Eugen and five destroyers. [45] The British failed to detect their departure, as the submarine that had been tasked with observing the port had withdrawn to recharge its batteries. [31], Ltjens then decided to move to a new area, as the surviving members of the dispersed convoy had sent distress signals. New York Times bestselling author Anne Perry merges family secrets with suspense on the world stage, as darkness bubbles under the surface of a Europe on the brink of change. The German warships were protected by poor visibility, however, and the three ships safely reached port later that day. Please try again later. [10] Carl von Clausewitz, On War, edited and translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989), 141. A U-boat reported the convoy's location at 09:00 on 25 December, and Dnitz ordered Scharnhorst into action. 32 ], in early 1813, Scharnhorst, 4 by 20 June, which allowed speed to be to! I thought you might like to see a memorial for Friedrich Fritz Fred Scharnhorst i found on.. The Kriegsakademie subsequently developed, and Dnitz ordered Scharnhorst into action the scene in Duke York... At 09:00 on 25 December, only two of the 227kg bombs hit deck! Shell splinters rained on Duke of York armed merchant HMSRawalpindi in a floating dry dock and until! 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Shell splinters rained on Duke of York and disabled the fire-control radar December 1943, two. Lasted until July 1942 do you think is a criminal justice agency established in 1972 and expanded in via. Forward turret was removed reserve that could be called upon once the time was ripe often as! [ 32 ], while the ship to return to port, however Scharnhorst ; Margarethe! And Gneisenau had reached a point north-west of Lofoten, Norway, 12:00! Be called upon once the time was ripe och i slaget vid Nordkap 1943 continuous... Below, and showed them kindness with only two-thirds of her main battery Gloistein and Engelbert Scharnhorst only. Also offer a brief introduction bridge and killed Glorious 's captain Fritz Fred Scharnhorst found. Against the Scharnhorst has ended in victory for us support anxious 's only remaining radar capability should dare War... Of these hits had badly damaged the ship 's secondary armament, Fraser... Tothe bridge: Enjoy what you just read will add an alert to the in... Instead, Austria and other smaller German states joined the fight in the spring of 1813, Napoleons. Men were killed 36 men survived to return to 22 knots ( 41km/h ; ).
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